5
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enter image description hereI have below &SYSTME information from my input file

      &CONTROL
      calculation = 'scf'
      etot_conv_thr =   1.0000000000d-04
      forc_conv_thr =   1.0000000000d-04
      outdir = './tmp/'
      prefix = 'pwscf'
      pseudo_dir = './'
      tprnfor = .true.
      tstress = .true.
      verbosity = 'high'
    /
    &SYSTEM
      degauss =   1.4699723600d-02
      ecutrho =   3.6000000000d+02
      ecutwfc =   4.5000000000d+01
      ibrav = 0
      nat = 12
      nosym = .false.
      ntyp = 2
      occupations = 'smearing'
      smearing = 'cold'
    /
    &ELECTRONS
      conv_thr =   1.0000000000d-09
      electron_maxstep = 100
      mixing_beta =   3.0000000000d-01
    /
    ATOMIC_SPECIES
    Ta       ta_pbe_v1.4.uspp.F.UPF
    Ni       ni_pbe_v1.4.uspp.F.UPF
    ATOMIC_POSITIONS crystal
   Ta            0.0000000000       0.0000000000       0.2500000000 
   Ta            0.0000000000       0.0000000000       0.7500000000 
   Ta            0.5000000000       0.5000000000       0.7500000000 
   Ta            0.5000000000       0.5000000000       0.2500000000 
    Ni           0.1677000000       0.6677000000       0.0000000000 
    Ni           0.3323000000       0.1677000000       0.0000000000 
    Ni           0.8323000000       0.3323000000       0.0000000000 
    Ni           0.6677000000       0.8323000000       0.0000000000 
    Ni           0.1677000000       0.3323000000       0.5000000000 
    Ni           0.6677000000       0.1677000000       0.5000000000 
    Ni           0.8323000000       0.6677000000       0.5000000000 
    Ni           0.3323000000       0.8323000000       0.5000000000 
    K_POINTS automatic
    7 7 8 0 0 0
    CELL_PARAMETERS angstrom
          4.9910000000       0.0000000000       0.0000000000
          0.0000000000       4.9910000000       0.0000000000
          0.0000000000       0.0000000000       4.2470000000

How can I make ferromagnetic, anti-ferromagnetic, and ferrimagnetic structures from it?

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  • 1
    $\begingroup$ Kindly follow this answer mattermodeling.stackexchange.com/questions/3685/… $\endgroup$ Sep 8, 2021 at 15:14
  • $\begingroup$ I believe, that answer only covers the anti-ferromagnetic structure. How can we do anti-ferri and ferromagnetic in this case? $\endgroup$
    – astha
    Sep 9, 2021 at 2:37
  • $\begingroup$ It is ovious that for ferro magnetic start with equal magnetization on all species and same way you modify for ferri $\endgroup$ Sep 9, 2021 at 7:10
  • $\begingroup$ For AFM, I took degauss =2.0d-02 ecutrho =1.0d+03 ecutwfc= 9.0d+01 ibrav=0 nat=12 nosym=.false. nspin=2 ntyp=3 occupations = 'smearing' smearing = 'cold' starting_magnetization(1)=1 starting_magnetization(2)= -1 starting_magnetization(3) =0 ATOMIC_SPECIES Ta ta_pbe_v1.4.uspp.F.UPF Ni1 ni_pbe_v1.4.uspp.F.UPF Ni2 ni_pbe_v1.4.uspp.F.UPF ATOMIC_POSITIONS crystal Ta 0.00 0.00 0.25 Ta 0.00 0.00 0.75 Ta 0.50 0.50 0.75 Ta 0.50 0.50 0.25 Ni1 0.16 0.66 0.00 Ni2 0.33 0.16 0.00 and so no $\endgroup$
    – astha
    Sep 9, 2021 at 8:34
  • $\begingroup$ For FM, I took degauss =2.0d-02 ecutrho =1.0d+03 ecutwfc= 9.0d+01 ibrav=0 nat=12 nosym=.false. nspin=2 ntyp=2 occupations = 'smearing' smearing = 'cold' starting_magnetization=1 ATOMIC_SPECIES Ta ta_pbe_v1.4.uspp.F.UPF Ni ni_pbe_v1.4.uspp.F.UPF ATOMIC_POSITIONS crystal Ta 0.00 0.00 0.25 Ta 0.00 0.00 0.75 Ta 0.50 0.50 0.75 Ta 0.50 0.50 0.25 Ni 0.16 0.66 0.00 Ni 0.33 0.16 0.00 and so no $\endgroup$
    – astha
    Sep 9, 2021 at 8:35

1 Answer 1

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Since the question concerns only magnetic order, I am going to address only that, leaving out details about smearing and other parameters.

Let's take a simple A-type magnetic system from this illustration.enter image description here

Note that there are primarily two types of magnetism: Intra-layer and inter-layer. I would advise the following procedure for creating your input file:

  1. Determine what atoms in your system are magnetic - Is it the Ni, Ta etc..
  2. Determine what kind of spin arrangement you require - pay attention to both intra-layer and inter-layer channels.

As an example, let me work with the system in your question. Let's assume the nickel atoms are magnetic. You can clearly notice that 4 nickel atoms are in the same plane, and they are separated by half a lattice constant along 'z'. I can outline some ideas so that you get the general gist.

a) A type antiferromagnet:

Ni1           0.1677000000       0.6677000000       0.0000000000 
Ni1           0.3323000000       0.1677000000       0.0000000000 
Ni1           0.8323000000       0.3323000000       0.0000000000 
Ni1          0.6677000000       0.8323000000       0.0000000000 
Ni2           0.1677000000       0.3323000000       0.5000000000 
Ni2           0.6677000000       0.1677000000       0.5000000000 
Ni2           0.8323000000       0.6677000000       0.5000000000 
Ni2           0.3323000000       0.8323000000       0.5000000000 

You would set starting_magnetization of Ni1 as 1 and starting_magnetization of Ni2 as -1.

b) C-type antiferromagnet:

Ni1           0.1677000000       0.6677000000       0.0000000000 
Ni2           0.3323000000       0.1677000000       0.0000000000 
Ni1           0.8323000000       0.3323000000       0.0000000000 
Ni2          0.6677000000       0.8323000000       0.0000000000 
Ni1           0.1677000000       0.3323000000       0.5000000000 
Ni2           0.6677000000       0.1677000000       0.5000000000 
Ni1           0.8323000000       0.6677000000       0.5000000000 
Ni2           0.3323000000       0.8323000000       0.5000000000 

You would set starting_magnetization of Ni1 as 1 and starting_magnetization of Ni2 as -1.

I hope you get the idea. For ferrimagnets, you would set the magnetization values so that the net value (whether intra or inter, depending on your system) is non-zero. Also keep in mind that for some systems the magnetic ordering of spins is in a specific direction - for example NiO. In these cases, I would advise you to thoroughly research the arrangement of spins before formulating your input file.

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3
  • $\begingroup$ Thank you Sir for your detailed response. How can I decide the type of antiferromagnetism if the magnetic system is not in a perfect plane? I have added a picture where Ni atoms are not in a perfect layer. My question may be silly but I really confused. $\endgroup$
    – astha
    Sep 14, 2021 at 10:08
  • $\begingroup$ 'How can I decide the type of antiferromagnetism' - Unless this is a completely fictional system, you can read up some papers that report the magnetic structure of your system. You should find your answer there. $\endgroup$
    – Xivi76
    Sep 14, 2021 at 19:48
  • $\begingroup$ Thanks Sir, I will do that. $\endgroup$
    – astha
    Sep 15, 2021 at 8:14

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