20
votes
Accepted
Total spin and/or multiplicity for transition metal ions?
Even for the simplest transition metal diatomic molecules, the most reliable way to know the ground-state spin configuration is often by doing experiments. I will give an example where it's easy to ...
18
votes
Accepted
What's the difference between spin-unpolarized, spin-polarized and non-colinear calculation?
Noncollinear magnetism means that the orientation of the magnetization varies in space. Examples for such structures are magnetic domain walls, spin spirals, or magnetic skyrmions. To describe these ...
- 1,571
16
votes
What is the difference between Ultrasoft, ONCV and PAW Pseudopotentials? Which is better for a spin-orbit coupled calculation?
Pseudopotentials (PPs) describe the effective interaction between the valence electrons and a nuclei screened by frozen core electrons. This approximation makes DFT calculations less computationally ...
- 418
15
votes
Accepted
Spin–orbit interaction with DFT
There are options to include spin-orbit coupling in DFT. In general, there are two ways to do it:
Solve Dirac's relativistic equation for the electrons
Incorporate relativistic effects through the ...
- 2,422
12
votes
How many spin states do Cu+ and Cu2+ have and why?
$\ce{Cu}^+$
This ion has 28 electrons. If all of them are up (i.e. aligned with the +z axis), then since each electron has a spin of magnitude 1/2, we would have a total spin of +14. If all of them ...
12
votes
Accepted
How to determine which levels correspond to each other in LS coupling and jj-coupling?
In the jj-representation, each electron from $i$ to $N$ will have:
$\vec{l}_i$ (orbital angular momentum),
$\vec{s}_i$ (spin angular momentum), and
$\vec{j}_i=\vec{l}_i + \vec{s}_i$ (total angular ...
11
votes
How many spin states do Cu+ and Cu2+ have and why?
Often when one is asked for the number of spin states, we are interested in determining the spin state of metal complexes containing these ions, rather than the lone ion itself. If you are interested ...
- 15.7k
11
votes
What's the difference between spin-unpolarized, spin-polarized and non-colinear calculation?
Basically, this is the split between restricted, unrestricted, and generalized Hartree-Fock (or Kohn-Sham) theory.
In the restricted theory, both the spin-up and spin-down electrons occupy the same ...
- 20k
10
votes
For which elements should I include spin orbit coupling in Quantum ESPRESSO?
Spin-orbit coupling is related to relativity which is increasingly important for heavier elements.
If you're aiming for ultra-high precision, as in this post on our site: How accurate are the most ...
9
votes
Accepted
Error in nscf calculation while considering Spin Orbit Coupling in Quantum ESPRESSO
This error has been resolved now. Though I am not an expert but here are few thoughts. There may be several reasons for this error:
This error might appear due to numerical instability from ...
- 2,631
9
votes
Total spin and/or multiplicity for transition metal ions?
If you're studying transition metal complexes, in short, there is no simple way to know except for to try the relevant physically plausible spin multiplicities and take the lowest energy solution as ...
- 7,401
9
votes
Accepted
For which elements should I include spin orbit coupling in Quantum ESPRESSO?
But in the case of the pseudo-potentials included, should I use fully relativistic pseudopotentials for all three elements?
Yes, you should use the fully relativistic pseudopotentials if you are ...
- 15.3k
9
votes
Accepted
SOC calculations in VASP
Sometimes the forces will be similar with and without SOC, so you can relax without SOC, and then do a single point calculation on the relaxed structure with SOC. When you do that calculation, you ...
- 1,151
9
votes
How spin-orbit coupling makes spin-forbidden reactions possible?
TL;DR: The statement $[H,S^2]=0$ indeed holds for no-pair (i.e. without considering the production of electron-positron pairs) calculations of hydrogen-like ions, but not for general atoms and ...
- 9,981
8
votes
Should I use a lower threshold for calculations involving SOC?
I wouldn't recommend that you go above $10^{-8}$, what you have in your current calculation. With SCF calculations, you definitely need a lower convergence threshold compared to say relaxing ...
- 2,422
8
votes
How to obtain spin projected band structure for system with Spin Orbit Coupling?
Phil's answer is absolutely correct. In non-collinear spinor calculation The spin for each state (at a specific k-point and specific band) can points towards different direction. However, since spin ...
- 878
7
votes
Spin orbit coupling from spin polarized density of states?
I'll try to be as basic as I can in regard to explaining the stuff youve posted.
From what I read online, spin-orbit coupling is how the angular
momentum of an electron w.r.t. the nucleus interacts ...
- 4,536
7
votes
What's the difference between spin-unpolarized, spin-polarized and non-colinear calculation?
As far I understand, to search for spin-polarized solutions, the DFT code will have to solve two coupled Kohn-Sham equations, one for each of the two spin species. There is both direct and indirect ...
- 4,536
7
votes
How to obtain spin projected band structure for system with Spin Orbit Coupling?
Non-collinear spin doesn't mean there's no "up" and "down", it means that the natural quantisation axis (which defines "up" and "down") can vary in space. In ...
- 8,277
5
votes
What is the difference between Ultrasoft, ONCV and PAW Pseudopotentials? Which is better for a spin-orbit coupled calculation?
Spin-orbit coupling is an effect that is dependent on the relativistic effect. So you should use fully relativistic PP(pseudopotentials) whatever you use. Another thing is that PP often varies from ...
- 552
5
votes
Spin density in systems with non-collinear magnetism using VASP
Extracting the spin density should supposedly be as simple as reading the CHGCAR and extracting the X Y Z density separately (It is all output). You can then treat this the same way as spin up / down....
- 11.4k
5
votes
VASP GW+SOC band structure calculations
Here I show the typical calculation flow of GW in VASP:
a DFT ground-state calculation.
obtain DFT virtual orbitals
GW calculation including LWANNIER90 TAG
Compute Wannier functions and Obtain ...
- 15.3k
5
votes
Accepted
In which cases should SOC be included?
Spin-orbit coupling scales as $Z^4/n^3$ where $Z$ is the atomic number and $n$ is the principal quantum number. When you move down the periodic table and the nucleus becomes heavier and heavier, ...
- 2,422
5
votes
HSE06+SOC method using VASP
A complete input card is given for the previous post about HSE06+SOC band structure calculation.
Step-I: DFT SCF calculation with SOC (INCAR):
...
- 15.3k
5
votes
Spin-Orbit coupling effects in topological insulator Bi2Se3
Welcome to MMSE! That's an interesting question! At first the "crossing" of energy levels seemed peculiar to me, but when I look at the energy levels for Se and for Bi separately, everything ...
5
votes
Accepted
How to check whether spin orbit coupling is strong or weak?
In quantum mechanics, energies associated with coupling, just like energies in other settings, are assessed based on how they compare to other energies.
For example, inserting a spin-orbit coupling ...
4
votes
Accepted
Help with definitions of SOC and ferromagnetic exchange terms in MoS2 Hamiltonian
"However, I am stumped on the definition of $H_{SO}=\lambda_{SO} L\cdot S$. What is $L\cdot S$?"
Spin-orbit coupling is typically written as a scalar coupling constant (in this case $\...
4
votes
Accepted
How to formulate the second quantization of Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction?
Let's first break down the symbols we know in that expression:
\begin{align}
\mathbf{\vec{S}} &= \frac{\hbar}{2}\boldsymbol{\vec{\sigma}}\tag{1}\\
&=\frac{\hbar}{2}\left(\sigma_x \boldsymbol{\...
4
votes
Calculating the band structure of Bi2Se3 with spin-orbit coupling
Here are some possible changes to your input that may resolve the problem:
Your EDIFF is very small; use the default and then increase precision from there.
Use a ...
4
votes
How to change the spin-orbit coupling strength in VASP?
How to change the spin-orbit coupling strength in VASP?
Firstly, one can't realize this just by changing the input parameters in the INCAR for ...
- 15.3k
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